The SPICE framework was developed after considering the recommendation that librarians use a modified version of PICO to improve the process of question formulation. Qualitative research emerged in the past century as a useful framework for social science research, but its history has not been the story of steady, sustained progress along one path. The Framework Method for the management and analysis of qualitative data has been used since the 1980s [].The method originated in large-scale social policy research but is becoming an increasingly popular approach in medical and health research; however, there is some confusion about its potential application and limitations. PILOT by Imperial College London, modified by Marion Kelt, Glasgow Caledonian University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The elements are described below and can used as required. Questions based on this format identify the following concepts: (1) S ample, (2) P henomenon of I nterest, (3) D esign, (4) E valuation, and (5) R esearch type. This method is not only about “what” people think but also “why” they think so. The SPIDER question: "What are young parents’ experiences of attending antenatal education?" PICO is most widely used in quantitative research whereas PEO is most useful for qualitative research questions. Qualitative systematic reviews or qualitative evidence syntheses (QES) are increasingly recognised as a way to enhance the value of systematic reviews (SRs) of clinical trials. Formulate the Research Question. They can explain the mechanisms by which interventions, evaluated within trials, might achieve their effect. So, in the example above, the question could be structured as: What are the experiences of patients in aged care homes with the use of cranberry juice to prevent UTIs? My favourite type is a spider diagram. stitutes qualitative research is made more complex by the number of para-digms that can serve as foundations for qualitative research. Defining your question for finding qualitative research: SPIDER tool A summary of Cooke, A., Smith, D. & Booth, A. Also, read in this blog qualitative research examples, types, & more. stitutes qualitative research is made more complex by the number of para-digms that can serve as foundations for qualitative research. Qualitative research methods is defined as a process that focuses on obtaining data through open-ended and conversational communication. A systematic review is based on a pre-defined specific research question (Cochrane Handbook, 1.1).Well-formulated questions will guide many aspects of the review process, including determining eligibility criteria, searching for studies, collecting data from included studies, and presenting findings (Cochrane Handbook, 2.1).